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Struther's Resource Stock Report - V9 # 8.0 - July 03, 2003
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Market Cycles
As you probably know, I am a big believer in long term cycles and trends.
These are very important and can make a world of difference with your investment success if you are on the right side of these long term cycles.
There are various types of cycles in different markets (stocks, bonds, economy, commodities) that have different characteristics and various durations from short term (months to a year or two) and very long term, lasting several decades.
You have probably heard of Elliott Wave theory that attempts to predict short and long term cycles.
You may have heard of the Kondratieff cycle. This is a 60 to 70 year cycle divided into four seasons, Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter. This cycle comes from a study done by Nikolai Kondratieff who was a Russian economist.
There is economic cycles, booms and busts/recessions
Credit cycles where interest rates rise in fall over short and long term cycles. We have seen an approximate 20 year bull cycle in bonds as interest rates have been falling since 1982.
For example, the following is an excellent chart that shows the credit cycles and the Dow Jones to Gold ratio over the long term. The chart is from an article written by Tocqueville Asset Management called 'Gold For Dummies?' It is an excellent article on gold an the current economic/market cycle. I encourage you to read it at:
http://www.tocqueville.com/brainstorms/brainstorms.php?id=136

I have written about and you have probably heard the term a lot, secular bear market or secular bull market. The word secular simply means cycle.
******************** Short Cycles Unpredictable
What I have discovered over the years is that none of the short term cycle theories are very reliable or those that follow them.
For this newsletter I am going to use some information you can find in a ground-breaking book by Michael Alexander called Stock Cycles. His book was written over January to March of 2000 and the theory has accurately described the markets since then.
Alexander's book is only $14.95. The last chapters on the innovation cycle alone are worth the price. What I have here is just a few brief comments from this book and I suggest you read it. You can get the book at http://my.net-link.net/~malexan/STOCK_CYCLES.htm or from Amazon.com. If you buy the book directly from Alexander's publisher (iUniverse.com) he gets more money and deserves it.
Alexander's work shows that using past stock market cycles to predict the performance of the stock market one year from now is pretty much random or about a 50/50 chance of the market going up or down, using price movements alone to make your prediction. Even in the years which comprise secular bear market cycles, the market goes up 50% of the time, and often quite substantially.
Strange enough, most investors focus all their time and effort on the short term, they look for short term gains and predictions while these have the highest odds of failure.
************** Very long term cycles of little use
Very long term cycles (30 to 100 years) are interesting and can be useful if you understand where you are in that cycle, but most of us will not be investors that long. The other problem, it is very easy to be off several years with your timing on these long cycles and that could have dramatic effects. You have to understand the fundamentals driving these cycles and how they can alter the timing. Imagine if you were shorting the stock market from 1996 to 2000 because your long term market theory predicted the peak in the mid 1990s.
*************** Long term cycles is where we should focus
But there are certain long term cycles which I categorize as 8 to 20 years that are not random, and the probabilities of those repeating are very high. As you would expect, the patterns and techniques of successful investing changes somewhat dramatically from pattern to pattern and cycle to cycle. The trick, of course, is to figure out where you are in the cycle.
It is this type and length of cycle that we as investors need to focus on.
You have heard many things about the stock market, like stocks always go up in the long term.
But what is the long term?
Do investors realize that stocks can, and do go down for periods of 10, 15 and 20 years. I think many would say that this is long term.
It is very important to note that the market has always cycled back and forth between bull and bear cycles. There have been 7 secular bear markets and 7 secular bull markets since 1802. These are periods of at least 8 and up to 20 years where stocks are either generally rising or falling over the entire period.
If you were in the stock market during the 95 years of the bear market cycles, you only achieved a 0.3% annual average rate of return.
One of the major problems with the stocks always go up crowd is there calculation is severely flawed. Depending on whose numbers and what time period and whether you discount inflation or not, the stock market has historically returned 6% to 10% a year over the long term. However, historically the stock market has averaged a 4.6% dividend return that has been a big part of that 6% or 10% number. Take away the 4.6% from the 6% and the remaining 1.4% is not so attractive. Why would I take away 4.6%? That is because the stock market only has about a 1% dividend yield right now. So maybe I should have only subtracted 3.6%, but the point is without the higher dividend yield your long term stock market return would be a lot lower. Currently with only a 1% yield and slow economic growth, we should not expect historic returns over the next several years.
In his third chapter, Alexander looks at the historical cycle of bull and bear markets. First, he points out that stocks have returned about 6.8% per year in real returns (adjusted for inflation) over the last 200 years, but about 4.6% or two-thirds have come from dividends. The remainder corresponds to the real annual growth in GDP over that time.
************** Short term gains for losers
Mutual Funds, newsletters, investors all look short term and want short term gains. However, numerous studies prove that over 90% of day trading accounts and market timing programs fail.
Everyone strives for performance in the short term when in reality the odds are stacked against you. The short term is very random and nobody has continued success over short term periods.
I know those of you reading this newsletter and other newsletters want instant gratification. Everyone wants to buy that stock and see it go up a few weeks or couple months later. I put a lot of effort into getting the right timing with my stock picks, trying to pick them just before I expect they will rise in price. However, when I look at my record it is pretty much random. Sure I have my streaks and pick 7 or 8 in a row that go up almost immediately and than I have some slow periods as well.
The past several months have not been too bad as most of my tech picks seen large gains within a few months, but the resource side has not been near as good. My last 3 energy stocks went up right away, ENE, SCH and SC but most of the mining/gold stocks have done very little in the last several months.
Investors need to ignore the short term and focus on a long term strategy based on the current long term stock cycle.
************ Long term Cycles most important
In the last several decades there has been 3 or 4 stock market cycles with each cycle lasting 16 to 20 years alternating between a secular bull and a secular bear market. We just finished the last secular bull market that ran from 1982 to 2000.
According to Alexander's book where he takes a purely statistical view of the stock market, looking for repeating patterns. For his purposes, a period where the stock market out-performs money market funds is good and where it under-performs is bad. Is there any pattern?
It turns out the only statistically valid non-random cycle he can find is a 13 year cycle. Since 1800, there have been 15 alternating good and bad cycles of 13 years, from stocks being undervalued to being overvalued and back again. There was one period where the pattern instead of reversing, continued for an additional (and exact) 13 years. 2000 was a 13 year peak in his model. There is a probability of only 3.9% that this pattern is random.
Simply based on this statistical model, Alexander concludes that there is a 75% chance of a negative capital gains return for index fund investors over the next 20 years. However, returns in any one year period are essentially random.
Since Alexander compares to money market yields, this is pretty scary when you look at their very low yields. However, I can easily see this if inflation heats up in the next several years, it is typically not good for the stock market but yields in money market funds would see a dramatic increase.
********** Don't earnings, drive the price of stocks?
Real (inflation-adjusted) earnings growth for the period 1965-1982 was roughly the same as for 1982-1999. Yet we all know that the S&P 500 had significantly different results. The first period was one of no stock price growth, and the latter saw growth of over 1000%.
What was the difference? Clearly, it was how investors perceived the relative value of the earnings. In a period of high inflation, earnings growth of 6-7% is not all that impressive. In today's low inflation environment it is.
********** The long term wins out
We need to focus on the long term, the 13 or 16-20 year cycle and invest accordingly. We use portfolio weightings that are matched for that cycle and adjust the allocations somewhat as we fluctuate through the short term movements. Just like we had a 30% weighting in techs, went down to 10%, back to 20% and now down to 10% again.
It is ironic that I offer a 3 month free trial to the newsletter but am focused on a long term strategy. In a 3 month period you may not see any change in our model portfolio weightings. You may not see any profits neither, but I have consistently outperformed the market by a wide margin in the long term and about 90% of the time on a yearly basis. I attribute this to keeping a long term focus and having patience when the short term is moving against us. For example the model portfolio did not beat the market in 1999 as we were a little early with our bearish strategy, but we made up big time for this in 2000 by holding the long term focus. We are accumulating junior gold stocks and have not made much money for many months, but will be sitting pretty when investors are jumping all over these at 3 and 4 times their current price.
Sure I pick stocks looking for quick gains, but these are with a long term strategy in mind. I spend a lot of time and strive to get that short term performance but I am focusing more on their longer term potential. I know it is pretty random to pick short term gains, but if I focus on the long term I know that sooner or later that stock has a very good chance of being a winner.
******************** Where are we now?
Right now, we are still in a secular bear market, but we are experiencing a bull cycle within the longer secular bear cycle.
Low interest rates, a lower US$, dividend and capital gains tax cuts are creating optimism for the economy and pushing this bull cycle. As Richard Bernstein, Merrill Lynch's chief strategist put it, Its almost as if political and monetary authorities are conspiring to lift the stock market.
According to research by Ned Davis Research in Venice Florida, bull cycles within a secular bear market do not last long. They looked at 17 and found on average the S&P 500 went up 50.6% and lasted 371 days on average. Some of these were in the last secular bear between 1966 and 1982 when the market went up for 2 years. The secular bear market in Japan began in 1989 and since then there have been four rallies of 48%, 34%, 56% and 62% that also lasted many months. The current rally could go on a while longer as the S&P is up about 28% from its low. Ned Davis also found that most of the rallies since 2000 and in Japan were led by speculative growth stocks. This means that the Nasdaq which is made of more speculative growth stocks could actually double while the S&P goes up 50%
I believe that resources and medical stocks will be the place to be in this secular bear, they will have a secular bull market. Resources have recently ended their long term secular bear market that ran about 20 years. I will have evidence on this in the next few months on my piece on the commodity cycle. However you can see from the chart below that the CRB index has been in a secular bear market with short term bull cycles since 1980 until the double bottom of 1999/2001.
25 year crb chart

Back to the stock market, the current bull cycle within the secular bear may have already run its course, but I suspect it has not. Looking at the sentiment indicators, Investor intelligence, VIX etc. everyone is too bullish so we do need a correction in the market, but I believe the last bottom will not be taken out on this next down move, the market will hold above it and rally into the year end. This will give us our first up year in the market in four years, it might not be much but it will be trumpeted as the end of the bear market. However, most investors will be surprised and will lose a lot of money as the bear market resumes once this mini bull cycle runs its course.
The low yield in treasuries and bonds could force money into stocks to sustain this rally further, but high yield dividend stocks may be the ones that take over the lead in this bull cycle.
We are already making adjustments by selling a lot of our tech stocks and moving into a new sector of dividend based blue chips. While the market is going to be choppy for several months or a year or so, these types of stocks should perform well and we can earn 5 or 6% or whatever the case may be while we wait for capital gains. A long term focus will be required.
********** Infation or deflation
The majority of my dividend based blue chips will be in the resource sector. This should come as no surprise because a 20 year secular bear with these stocks has created one of the few sectors with good value.
Another bonus of this strategy is we don't have to know the outcome of the current deflation/inflation debate. If we end up with deflation, a safe high dividend yield among falling interest rates will be attractive, bringing in buyers at higher prices and if inflation ignites again these same stocks will benefit from higher commodity prices.
************ There will always be more Innovation Cycles
But there is another Innovation Cycle coming in our future. There will be another opportunity to get in at the beginning of a new industry which will change the world as profoundly as electricity, computers or the telephone.
The trick is we do not yet know what it is. Smart minds guess that it will be in the area of nanotechnology or biotech. It could be fusion power or a new type of propulsion system for cars (alternate energy). Or it could be something that is simply not on anyone's radar screen at the moment. Perhaps resources, especially if Greenspan succeeds in triggering more inflation than intended.
The world is changing ever more rapidly. Knowledge is compounding at faster and faster rates. We must always be prepared to change and adjust our investment portfolios.
I hope you will journey with me and this newsletter over these long term cycles. Identifying them and being on the right side will be key to your investment success. Don't be disappointed with short term fluctuations that move against a longer term strategy, chasing short term trends and looking for short term gains is destined to failure.
I have commented many times on the poor track record of traders, with over 90 percent losing money. Last October I cited the example from a newsletter by Roger Schreiner, who tracks 639 market-timing programs. Just 56 of the 639 market timing programs show positive returns, or less than 9 percent. Actual studies of day trading accounts show similar results and these include periods during the bull market in the late 1990s.
Short term trading looks good in hindsight and technical analysis makes it tempting, but most find out during the implementation process that it is very difficult to succeed.
I have provided my track record over the last 4 years that illustrates how a long term strategy provides consistent returns and some very good ones at times.
************ Track Record ****************
Year Model Resource Tech Nasdaq S&P 500 TSE 300 TSE Gold Gold Portfolio Stocks Stocks Index Index Index Index
1999 16.6% 18.6% 33.9% 87.8% 18.4% 25.6% -23.6% -2.8% 2000 14.9% 14.0% 8.7% -39.3% -9.3% 6.2% -10.9% -2.5% 2001 28.6% 19.3% 6.7% - 21.0% -13.1% -14% 16.9% -1.8% 2002 45.0% 90.1% 1.0% -31.6% -20.2% -14% 31% 25.1%
The Model portfolio (weightings in stocks bonds cash and my newsletter picks) has provided constant and decent gains. Although we did not beat the market in 1999, I was a little early in preparing for a change in market cycles. We bought bonds and a bear fund too soon, but we more than made up for itin the long term over the next 3 years.
Resources stocks have been a tough sled until lately, we did manage to make good gains beating the market by a wide margin and did exceptionaly well last year with a big move in our gold picks (up an average of 156%).
It has been tough to make money in tech stocks and anyone who says otherwise is a liar. We have been very light in this sector, moving our weighting from 30% in 1999 to 10% in 2000. We managed positive gains by playing the short term bear market rallies, just like we sold off a number of tech picks in the last few weeks.
The percentage gain in the tech and resource stocks is an average of all the stocks on our list for that year. It is just an average, some people will do better than the average and others not as good as the average.
I could go on and hype all the stocks I picked that seen big gains of several 100% like you see in many newsletter advertisements, but this is not realistic and sets the wrong expectations (big short term gains). Sure I have my share but it is the long term approach and consistent gains that makes money in the end.
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The next stock I am adding to Struther's Mighty Millennium Index and the RSR list is
Newmont Mining, NY:NEM TSX:NMC Recent Price C$44.50, US$33.50 52 week trading range C$33.32 to $48
I am adding Newmont, not because of a high dividend yield, but because Newmont will be the leading large cap gold stock, the blue chip among the gold producers. It's the Big American Gold Stock. Americans are very patriotic and when they buy gold they're going to buy Newmont. The chart below also shows that Newmont was performing very well in the last gold rally.
That is because they have solved their hedging problem that I was concerned with last year. They will be essentially unhedged by the end of the year and have very little hedge left at this time. Newmont took on the big bullion banks and is winning in terms of getting the hedge off at Yandal, by offering the bullion banks a take or leave 50 cents on the dollar offer to close out the hedges.
Gold hedges about gone
On June 3rd Newmont's subsidiary, Yandal Bond Company Limited (YBCL), has accepted assignments from six of a total of seven gold hedge counterparties for all their gold hedge contracts with Newmont's Australian subsidiary, Newmont Yandal Operations Limited (Yandal), formerly Great Central Mines Ltd., for a total cash payment of $77-million.
The total cash payment represents 50 cents for each $1 of net mark-to-market hedge liability, as calculated by YBCL as of May 22, 2003. These assignments represent 94 per cent of the ounces in the Yandal hedge book and 76 per cent of the negative mark-to-market liability of the Yandal hedge book. Yandal remains obligated to deliver to YBCL for the contracts assigned under the offer.
As of today, Newmont has put Yandal into insolvency proceedings and has extended the deadline to July 11th for the remaining hedge position to tender to the previous offer. One way or the other, Newmonts hedge position will be closed soon.
Large gold reserves
Besides that, they've got a huge reserve base. Their excellent exploration results meant replacing depletion of more than nine million ounces, resulting in year-end 2002 proven and probable gold reserves of 86.9 million ounces. Newmont is always very active with exploration to replace and grow reserves. At the end of the first quarter, there were 92 drill rigs in operation around the world.
Their market cap is about US$13.5 billion and this values their gold reserves valued at $155/oz
Financial results improving
The higher gold price, increased production, stream lining operations after amalgamation and eliminating gold hedges will all add together for a stronger financial performance
With gold prices improving, Newmont had full year net income in 2002 of $154 million or $0.42/share with 4th qtr. net income tripling.
Newmont recorded 2002 net income applicable to common shares of $154.3-million (42 cents per share), compared with a net loss of $54.1-million (28 cents per share) in 2001. For the fourth quarter of 2002, Newmont earned $75.1-million (19 cents per share), compared with net income of $18.4-million (10 cents per share) for the fourth quarter of 2001.
Performance highlights for 2002 included:
equity gold sales of 7.6 million ounces at total cash costs of $189 per ounce;
net cash provided by operating activities of $670.3-million;
net debt to total capitalization ratio reduced by more than half to 20 per cent;
First qtr. 2003 improving too
On May 7th Newmont announced first quarter net income of $117.3-million (29 cents per share), compared with a net loss of $8.7-million (three cents per share) for the first quarter of 2002. Net income before the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle totaled $151.8-million (38 cents per share). First quarter highlights included:
equity gold sales of 1.78 million ounces at total cash costs of $201 per ounce;
net cash provided by operating activities of $186.1-million, before settlement of derivatives of $50.1-million;
consideration of $180-million received from the sale of the TVX Newmont Americas joint venture interest;
exchange of the company's 45.7-per-cent interest in Echo Bay for a 13.8-per-cent interest in Kinross Gold, which had a market value of $266.4-million at the end of the first quarter;
debt reduction of $156.7-million;
The company's improved performance was the result of a $59 per ounce higher realized gold price (+20 per cent) and a 22-per-cent increase in equity gold sold over the year ago quarter (taking into account the Feb. 15, 2002, acquisition date of Franco-Nevada and Normandy).
Summary
We sold Newmont last year around $45 so we are essentially getting back into the stock around the same price, but this time around we are doing so with less risk because Newmont has solved their hedging issue. They have also streamlined operations after the amalgamation with Franco Nevada and Normandy. The gold price is now in a higher range, financials are improving and Newmont has the best management in the gold business.
The stock is selling at a premium to the other major gold producers and I expect it will maintain that premium and perhaps improve on it. Based on the value of gold reserves Newmont is valued at approximately US$155/ounce which is quite a bit more compared to the other North American majors that are hedged, Placer and Barrick. GoldFields is valued at $75/oz and typically the South African gold stocks have always sold at a discount compared to the North American gold stocks
Newmont $155/oz Barrick $116/oz Placer $95/oz GoldFields $75/oz

Newmont Mining Corporation, USA Telephone: (303) 863-7414
Newmont Mining Corporation of Canada Telephone: (416) 480-6480
Website - http://www.newmont.com
<A HREF="http://chart.canada-stockwatch.com/sw/chart.dbm?symbol=nmc">Chart</a>
The other stock I am adding to the Struther's Millennium Index is a forestry stock. You have probably heard a lot about forestry or wood product companies, especially in Canada because they have taken a pounding between low lumber prices, a punishing U.S. duty on exports and a rising Canadian dollar these stocks have been hammered. However that gives rise to a bottom fish opportunity.
I am picking Canfor Corporation
TSX: CFP Recent Price $8.70 52 week trading range $6.83 to $11.50
Shares outstanding 81.1 million
There are several reasons why I am picking this stock. They are the top Canadian lumber producer and pay a decent dividend, just over a 3% yield. Management appears to be very strong and despite the horrible market conditions the company was still able to produce a profit in 2002 and pay a dividend. Their debt is US$ based so this gives them some advantage compared to other forest companies in regards to the rising Canadian dollar. While a rising Canadian dollar hurts their US revenue stream and raises the price competitiveness it reduces their US $ interest expense. The stock is down near its lows and is selling at a discount to book value which is about $10.30 per share
About Forestry Markets from Canfor's Annual report
Lumber market conditions were positive for the first half of 2002, but deteriorated steadily during the second half of the year. Prices for North American 2"x 4" Random Length (RL) averaged US $264 per thousand board feet (Mfbm) in the first half of the year, which was considerably higher than the average price in the fourth quarter of 2001. Although demand for lumber remained relatively strong throughout 2002, an abundance of supply kept average prices low. Prices declined sharply, to an average of US $209/Mfbm, during the second half of the year. The average 2"x 4" price for all of 2002 was US $237/Mfbm, which is 6% below the previous year’s average of US $251/Mfbm.
On May 22, 2002, the US imposed countervailing (CVD) and anti-dumping (ADD) duties of 18.79% and 8.43%, respectively, on Canadian lumber shipments to the US. Canfor was assessed a specific ADD rate of 5.96% based on its product shipment profile during the period of review, which resulted in a total duty of 24.75%. The imposition of these duties significantly reduced the competitiveness of Canadian lumber producers relative to other US suppliers. In order to remain competitive and maintain market share, Canadian SPF (spruce-pine-fir) lumber producers reduced operating costs by operating their sawmills at much higher levels and for longer time periods than in 2001. As a result, total Canadian SPF production increased by 10%, or 2 billion board feet, over 2001, when production levels were significantly lower than normal because most mills took extensive curtailment in response to the market conditions at the time.
The impact of low mortgage rates and relatively strong consumer confidence in 2002 caused US housing starts to be at their highest level since 1986, which resulted in high demand for lumber during the year. Single-family housing starts, at 1.36 million, were 6.8% higher than in 2001 and total housing starts, at 1.7 million, were up by 6.4%. The US South, a major user of SPF lumber and the region that builds the highest number of houses, recorded the greatest increase in housing starts over 2001. Other areas of consumption were also strong, such as lumber used in home repairs and remodeling, which rose by approximately 4% over 2001.
Nothing much has changed in 2003 except a stronger Canadian dollar has hurt the Canadian lumber export market with stronger U.S. competition and reducing Canadian dollar based revenues.
It appears the U.S. Canadian lumber dispute is moving towards some kind of resolution so this would be a positive factor for 2003 and beyond.
About Canfor Corp
Canfor Corporation is a leading integrated forest products company based in Vancouver, British Columbia. The majority of Canfor’s woodlands operations and manufacturing facilities are in British Columbia and Alberta. The company is the largest producer of softwood lumber and one of the largest market pulp producers in Canada. Canfor also produces kraft paper, plywood, remanufactured lumber products, hardboard paneling and a range of specialized wood products, including baled fibre and fibre mat. Howe Sound Pulp and Paper Limited Partnership, owned equally by Canfor and Oji Paper Ltd., produces kraft pulp and newsprint. The main operating company is Canadian Forest Products Ltd., from which the name Canfor is derived.
The 6,290 people directly and indirectly employed at Canfor, work in woodlands operations and manufacturing facilities in British Columbia, Alberta, Quebec and Washington State. It is here where the employees produce quality lumber products for the largest home centres in North America, specialty paper to global customers and reinforcement pulp for the world's largest paper makers.
Commitment to the environment has been a part of Canfor's corporate culture since the company's inception. Today, Canfor is a leader in forestland certification. All of its forestlands Environmental Management Systems (EMS) are certified to the ISO 14001 standard and approximately 1.7 million hectares are certified to the Canadian Standards Association Sustainable Forest Management standard. Canfor's manufacturing facilities operate to the same high standard. The company's pulp and paper facilities are certified to both the ISO 9001 and 14001 standards. One sawmill is certified to the ISO 14001 standard.
SALES
$2.11 billion in 2002 $1.99 billion in 2001
MARKETING
Canfor, through its Canfor Wood Products Marketing operation, sells its lumber throughout North America and overseas. Canfor’s northern bleached softwood kraft pulp and kraft papers are sold in world markets by the Canfor Pulp and Paper Marketing operation. About 70% of the lumber is exported to the U.S. and about 22% remains in Canada. The remainder is exported to Europe and Asia, mainly Asia where Canfor is experiencing good growth for their products.
WOOD PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING
• Canfor operates 11 sawmills in the northern interior of British Columbia and two in Alberta with and annual production capacity 3.0 billion feet of lumber.
• Canfor operates two finger-joint plants; one in the Prince George region and one in Grande Prairie, Alberta.
• One lumber remanufacturing facility with a capacity of 160 million board feet is operated by the company’s U.S. subsidiary, Canfor U.S.A. and Canfor also participates in a joint venture remanufacturing facility, Kyahwood Forest Products, in Moricetown, British Columbia.
• Two chipping facilities operated in Prince George are capable of producing 325,000 oven-dried tonnes of chips annually.
• Canfor’s Panel and Fibre operation, located in New Westminster, produces a variety of embossed hardwood panels, as well as wood fibre products from residual wood.
• Canfor runs a plywood plant in Prince George with an annual capacity of 174,300 msf (3/8") of plywood.
• Lumber and plywood pressure treating are carried out at the PG Wood Treating Plant.
PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING
• Canfor operates two pulp mills and one pulp and paper mill in Prince George which have the capacity to produce over one million tonnes annually of high quality northern softwood kraft pulp and 134,000 tonnes of kraft paper.
• In addition, Canfor owns 50% of Howe Sound Pulp and Paper Limited Partnership located on the Sunshine Coast, which produces 348,000 tonnes of northern softwood kraft pulp and 208,200 tonnes of newsprint per year.
A new ranking of Canada's top 30 lumber producers published jointly in the March issue of forest magazine Logging and Sawmilling Journal and Wood Markets newsletter shows Canfor's lumber production totalled 2.81 billion board feet, easily giving it top spot.
"This huge 550-million-board-feet increase for Canfor comes despite a punishing countervail and duty of 27 per cent on exports of Canadian lumber to the United States," said Russell Taylor of wood products consulting firm R. E. Taylor & Associates Ltd, which researched and assembled the list, and publishes Wood Markets. "This production gives Canfor a leading position in a fragmented market -- it essentially means one out of every 10 pieces of lumber in Canada is produced at a Canfor sawmill." This is the fourth year in a row Canfor has been Canada's largest lumber producer.
Late in 2002, Canfor announced a far-reaching plan to further improve their permanent operating income base by at least $150 million and is now being implemented. Costs are being reduced in all areas with the most dramatic changes occurring in operations. Mills are being rationalized so that we will have fewer mills operating on a virtually continuous basis, employing skilled personnel, the most current technology and modern process controls. The recently announced closure of one sawmill near Prince George and one in Taylor, B.C. were part of this plan. Decisions to complete the sawmill optimization program in the Prince George Region, Houston, as well as the Peace Region of B.C. and Alberta are scheduled to be taken before the end of July.
Financial
The softwood lumber dispute has a significant impact on Canfor’s results and when this is resolved it will be at least some relief to significant relief depending on the final outcome. During 2002, Canfor paid $105 million in cash duties and $9 million in related legal fees in regards to this dispute.
Canfor has been able to maintain good cash flow levels
Cash generated from (used in) 2002 2001 Operating activities $ 144.4 $ 118.8
Long-term debt $ 643.4
Canfor's debt to equity ratio is just over 0.90, higher than I would like to see but not a big problem since the ratio is affected by the low share price, they have good cash flow levels, the company is well managed and significant cost improvements are being initiated.
The dividend is yielding just over 3% and it only amounts to a payout of $21.1 million per year. Given Canfor's cash flow and their ability to still make a profit the dividend still appears safe under these poor conditions in the lumber market.
At the end of 2002 Canfor had working capital of $273.2 million Total assets of 2,328.0 million
Summary
Lumber and pulp account for 75% of Canfor's revenues and they endured the lowest prices in over a decade for both major product lines. Add the punishing effects of 25% duties on lumber sold into the US market, with Canfor carrying the largest share of the burden of any Canadian forest products company, and you have the makings of a very bad situation.
But Canfor's management handled the situation very well, shutting some mills and running others at full capacity by adding a 3rd shift. In 2002, third shifts were introduced at the company’s Fort St. James and Rustad sawmills and a third shift was negotiated for the Fort. St. John facility. This move was seen as creating stable jobs at the sawmills while generating the most efficient output from the mill asset. Third shifts were already in place at Isle Pierre and Polar operations.
An $11 million profit in 2002 may not be exciting but it was a remarkable achievement by Canfor under the circumstances. They reduced costs aggressively, set production and productivity records and they held their market share in the face of extreme adversity. They have initiated further cost reduction measures and the company appears to be on track and well managed to maintain their position of Canada's number one lumber producer.
I believe we are at the bottom or near the bottom and looking up. Things could not get much worse than they have been in the lumber market and Canfor's stock price like other lumber companies is beaten up. This provides and opportunity to buy a leading forestry stock at a cheap price and paying a decent dividend. I expect higher dividends and capital gains with this stock in the years ahead.

The stock peaked at $25 in 1994 and then went into a bear market with a bottom below $5 in early 1999, the stock then moved up to almost $20 in 2000 and then moved down to its recent low around $7 in late 2002. The chart shows us that there is good support in the $7 to $8 range but it is uncertain if the latest bear move in the stock since early 2000 is over. The stock has moved above its 200 day moving average but it has done so several time in the past few years without sustaining an upward move. A move above $10 would be very positive and a close above $12 would be a very good sign of a new bull move in the stock.
We should get a position now in the stock, trying to pick it up on weakness towards $8.50 and we can add to this position if the stock sees a significant down move.
Web site - http://www.canfor.com
<A HREF="http://chart.canada-stockwatch.com/sw/chart.dbm?symbol=cfp">Chart</a>
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Good news on Black Hawk Mining
Glencairn, Black Hawk Mining to melt into one another
Black Hawk TSX: BHK, OTC: BHKMF Recent Price $C0.15 Entry Price $0.11 Opinion - buy
I was looking into Glencairn, because on June 24th Glencairn Gold announced that it engaged Endeavour Financial Ltd. to provide assistance in arranging financing for its Bellavista project in Costa Rica and to finance acquisitions. Things have already started to happen and this is very good news that Endeavour will be behind the new Black Hawk.
To find out more about Glencairn Gold Corporation (TSX-V:GLJ), visit their website at www.glencairngold.com.
Details of June 30th news release
GLENCAIRN, BLACK HAWK COMBINATION TO CREATE CENTRAL-AMERICAN GOLD PRODUCER WITH GROWTH POTENTIAL
Glencairn Gold and Black Hawk Mining have agreed to combine the two companies on the basis of one share of Glencairn for every three shares of Black Hawk.
Under the terms of the proposed combination, Glencairn will issue approximately 47,285,029 common shares to Black Hawk shareholders. Glencairn currently has 21,084,167 common shares outstanding. The combined company will operate under the name Glencairn Gold Corp. and the current officers of Glencairn will continue as the management of the combined entity.
"The combination of these two companies creates a strong, Central-American-focused gold mining company with a producing mine, another project ready to build and an excellent portfolio of exploration targets," said Kerry Knoll, president and chief executive officer of Glencairn. "Black Hawk's Limon mine in Nicaragua will give Glencairn immediate cash flow, and our Bellavista project in Costa Rica will add to that when it begins operating."
"This is a positive development for Black Hawk shareholders," said Garth MacRae, president of Black Hawk. "The management group at Glencairn has an excellent track record and will provide leadership in developing the Black Hawk assets along with the Bellavista property."
Completion of the transaction is subject to certain conditions including, among other things, completion of due diligence by each party, the execution of a definitive agreement, and receipt of all regulatory approvals and third party approvals and consents, including approval by the shareholders of each company and the approval of the Toronto Stock Exchange and the TSX Venture Exchange. Subject to the fulfilment of all conditions, the transaction is expected to be completed in the third quarter of 2003.
Description of key assets
Black Hawk's Limon mine is expected to produce 53,000 ounces of gold in 2002, increasing to 60,000 ounces in 2004 and 67,000 ounces in 2005, at an average cash cost per ounce of $207 (U.S.) over the three years. None of its current or future production is subject to forward sales or hedging commitments.
Limon has been in continuous operation since 1941, producing nearly three million ounces at an average grade of more than nine grams of gold per tonne. The underground mining operation feeds a 1,000-tonne-per-day carbon-in-pulp milling facility constructed in 1995. At the end of 2002, Black Hawk reported 973,600 tonnes of proven and probable reserves with a grade of 6.2 grams per tonne containing 194,000 ounces of gold. For further details of Black Hawk's mineral reserves and resources, please refer to the Black Hawk annual information form in Stockwatch SEDAR files dated May 30, 2003.
Glencairn owns a 100-per-cent interest in the Bellavista gold project in Costa Rica, where it plans to begin construction of an open-pit, heap-leach gold mine once financing is arranged. Construction costs at Bellavista are estimated at $27-million (U.S.), not including working capital. Based on a feasibility study completed in 1999 by the previous owner, Bellavista is projected to produce an average of 60,000 ounces of gold per year over a mine life of 7.3 years at a cash operating cost, including royalties, of $163 (U.S.) per ounce upon commencement of commercial production. All major permits necessary to begin construction have been obtained. For further details of Glencairn's Bellevista gold project and its reserves and resources, please refer to the Glencairn annual information form in Stockwatch SEDAR files dated May 16, 2003.
Both Limon and Bellavista offer excellent exploration opportunities. In the fall of 2003, a diamond drill program will commence in the Sta. Rosa-Uval area, located three kilometres south of the Limon mill.
COMBINED RESERVES AND RESOURCES As at DEC. 31, 2002
Contained Category ounces
Total Proven and probable reserves 748,972
Resources
Total measured plus indicated 819,747
Total inferred 872,200
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The merger will give the company more depth with higher production once the Bellavista gold project in Costa Rica comes on stream. This will make Glencairn and over 100,000 oz/year producer. The share structure will also be better because in effect 2/3 of the number of Black Hawk shares outstanding will be absorbed in the 1 for 3 merger.
This will give Glencairn about 68.4 million shares outstanding. Glencairn is now trading around C$0.50 which we be a market cap of $34.2 million post merger or about US$25 million. This values the post merger gold reserves at only US$33/ounce. Gold reserves plus indicated resources (748,972 + 819,747) are only valued about $16/ounce. This is a low valuation for a gold producer and when you consider that Black Hawk is trading at C$0.15 or C$0.45 post merger it is even a better buy.
Angela Cooper Phone 416 363-2911 FAX 416-363-3330
A HREF="http://www.bhkmining.com" E-mail info@bhkmining.com
<A HREF="http://chart.canada-stockwatch.com/sw/chart.dbm?symbol=bhk">Chart</a>
Pan American Silver TSX: PAA, Nasdaq: PAAS Recent Price C$9.25 Entry Price $11.75 Opinion - buy on weakness
We have a position in PAA from buying Corner Bay pre merger. We originally bought Corner Bay at $C0.70 so we made a huge profit. I suggested buying BAY again at C$5.20 last June and this meant we ended up with Pan American at a value of $13.50, but this also included part of a warrant that allows us to buy one share of Pan American at US$12 anytime in the next 5 years. The warrants started trading this year around $3.50 and the value of the warrant of our total cost is $1.75 so I have listed the entry price of Pan American at (13.50 - 1.75) $11.75 and since we only received half as many warrants as shares after the merger, our warrant entry price is $3.50.
It has been a while since I updated Pan American, but this week
PAN AMERICAN SILVER COMPLETES LA COLORADA EXPANSION AHEAD OF SCHEDULE AND UNDER BUDGET
All figures are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise stated.
Pan American Silver has substantially completed a major expansion at its La Colorada silver mine in Mexico. The expansion is expected to increase the mine's annual silver production from 700,000 to 3.8 million ounces at a cash cost of $2.65 per ounce. The $20-million expansion was completed ahead of schedule and 5 per cent under budget.
The expansion included the construction of a 600-tonne-per-day oxide mill added to the existing 200-tonne-per-day sulphide mill. Commissioning of the new mill has been in progress for several weeks, and production is expected to reach design capacity over the next few months. With more than 90 per cent of its revenues derived from silver, La Colorada is one of the purest silver mines in the world.
The stock looks like it is in a slight uptrend but is still near the bottom of its 3 year range between $8 and $13.50. The stock is a decent buy here, especially on weakness around $9 or US$6.75.
Rosie Moore 604-684-1175 remoore@ibm.net Website http://www.panamericansilver.com
<A HREF="http://chart.canada-stockwatch.com/sw/chart.dbm?symbol=paa">Chart</a>
(c) Copyright 2003, Struther's Resource Stock Report
All forecasts and recommendations are based on opinion. Markets change direction with consensus beliefs, which may change at any time and without notice. The author/publisher of this publication has taken every precaution to provide the most accurate information possible. The information & data were obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but because the information & data source are beyond the author's control, no representation or guarantee is made that it is complete or accurate. The reader accepts information on the condition that errors or omissions shall not be made the basis for any claim, demand or cause for action. Because of the ever-changing nature of information & statistics the author/publisher strongly encourages the reader to communicate directly with the company and/or with their personal investment advisor to obtain up to date information. Past results are not necessarily indicative of future results. Any statements non-factual in nature constitute only current opinions, which are subject to change. The author/publisher may or may not have a position in the securities and/or options relating thereto, & may make purchases and/or sales of these securities relating thereto from time to time in the open market or otherwise. The company featured in this edition of the Struther's Resource Report may have reimbursed the publisher for costs including overhead, of printing & distributing this edition. Any overage will be retained by the publisher as compensation. Authors of articles or special reports contained herein may have been compensated for their services in preparing such articles. Neither the information, nor opinions expressed, shall be construed as a solicitation to buy or sell any stock, futures or options contract mentioned herein. The author/publisher of this letter is not a qualified financial advisor & is not acting as such in this publication. Struther's Resource Stock Report is not a registered financial advisory. Investors are advised to obtain the advice of a qualified financial & investment advisor before entering any financial transaction.
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